TheTen Sikh Gurus

 1.Guru Nanak Dev founded the Sikh faith, introducing the concept of one God.

Son of: Kalyan Das ji (Mehta Kalu ji), and Mata Tripta ji.

Married to: Sulakhani ji.

Father to: sons, Siri Chand and Lakhmi Das.

Birthplace: Nankana Sahib (Pakistan), observ October 20, 1469 (April 14, 1469 Nanakshahi)

Became Guru: From birth - formally, February 20, 1507 (1499 AD at about age 30)

Place of Death: Kartarpur, September 7, 1539 (September 22, Nanakshahi)

Age: 70

 2.Guru Angad Dev compiled the writings of Nanak Dev, and introduced the Gurmukhi script.

Son of: Pheru Mall ji and Mata Daya Kaur (Sabhrai) ji.

Married to: Khivi ji.

Father to: sons, Dasu, Datu, and daughters, Amro and Anokhi.

Birthplace: Harike, March 31, 1504 (April 18, Nanakshahi)

Became Guru: Kartarpur, September 7, 1539 (September 18, Nanakshahi)

Place of Death: Khadur, March 29, 1552 (April 16, Nanakshahi)

Age: 48

 3.Guru Amar Das disavowed caste with the institution of langar, pangat and sangat.

Son of: Tej Bhan ji and Mata Lakhmi ji.

Married to: Mansa Devi.

Father to: sons, Mohan, Mohri, and daughters, Dani and Bhani.

Birthplace: Basarke (Amritsar) May 5, 1479, (May 23, Nanakshahi)

Became Guru: Khadur, March 26, 1552 (April 16, Nanakshahi)

Place of Death: Goindwal, September 1, 1574 (September 16, Nanakshahi)

Age: 95

 4.Guru Raam Das began the excavation of the sarovar in Amritsar.

Son of: Hari Das ji Sodhi and Mata Daya Kaur ji.

Married to: Bhani ji.

Father to: sons, Prithi Chand, Maha Dev and Arjun Dev.

Birthplace: Chuna Mandi (Lahore, Pakistan) September 24, 1534 (October 9, Nanakshahi)

Became Guru: Goindwal, September 1, 1574 (September 16, Nanakshahi)

Place of Death: Goindwal, September 1, 1581 (September 16, Nanakshahi)

Age: 47

 5.Guru Arjun (Arjan) Dev erected the Golden Temple (Harmandir Sahib) in Amritsar, compiled and contributed to Adi Granth, 1604.

Son of: Guru Raam das and Ji Mata Bhani ji.

Married to: Raam Devi (issueless), Ganga ji.

Father to: one son, Har Govind.

Birthplace: Goindwal, April 14, 1563 (May 2, Nanakshahi)

Became Guru: Goindwal, September 1, 1581 (September 16, Nanakshahi)

Place of Death: Lahore, May, 30 1606 (June 16, Nanakshahi)

Martyred age: 43

 6.Guru Har Govind (Gobind) constructed the Akal Takhat. He raised an army and wore two swords symbolizing secular and spiritual authority. The mogul emperor Jahangir imprisoned the guru who negotiated release for whomever could hold on to his robe. 

Son of: Guru Arjun and Mata Ganga.

Married to: Damodri ji, Nankee ji and Maha Devi ji.

Father to: Sons, Gur Ditta, Ani Rai, Suraj Mal, Atal Rai, Teg Mall (Teg Bahadur), and daughter, Bibi Veero.

Birthplace: Guru ki Wadali (Amritsar), June 19, 1595 (July 5, Nanakshai)

Became Guru: Amritsar, May 25, inaugurated June 10 - 11 or 25, 1606 (June 11, Nanakshahi)

Place of Death: Kiratpur, February 28, or March 3, 1644 (March 19, Nanakshahi)

Age: 49

 7.Guru Har Rai propagated the Sikh faith, maintained a cavalry of 20,000 as his personal guard, and established both a hospital and zoo.

Son of: Baba Gurditta ji and Mata Nihal Kaur.

Married to: Sulakhni ji (Kishan Kaur) and Daughters of Daya Ram.

Father to: sons, Ram Rai and Har Krishan, and daughter Sarup Kaur.

Birthplace: Kiratpur (Hoshiarpur), January 16, or February 26, 1630 (January 31, Nanakshahi)

Became Guru: Kiratpur, March 3, or 8, 1644 (March 14, Nanakshahi)

Place of Death: Kiratpur, May 30, or October 6, 1661 (October 20, Nanakshahi)

Age: 31

 8.Guru Har Krishan became guru at the age of five, and is known for his wisdom and compassion.

Son of Guru Har Rai and Mata Kishan (aka Krishan or Sulakhni) Kaur.

Birthplace: Kiratpur, July 7, 1656 (July 23, Nanakshahi)

Became Guru: Kiratpur, June 10, July 7, or October 6 - 7, 1661 (October 20, Nanakshahi)

Place of Death: Delhi, March 30, 1664 (April 16, Nanakshahi)

Age: 8

 9.Guru Teg Bahadar reluctant to leave meditation and come forward as guru, ultimately sacrificed his life to protect Hindu Pandits from forced conversion to Islam.

Son of: Guru Har Govind and Mata Nankee ji.

Married to: Gujri ji.

Father to: one son, Gobind Singh.

Birthplace: Amritsar, April 1, 1621 (April 18, Nanakshahi)

Became Guru: Baba Bakala, August 11, 1664 (April 16, Nanakshahi)

Place of Death: Delhi, November 11, 1675 (November 24, Nanakshahi)

Martyred age: 54

 10.Guru Gobind Singh created the order of Khalsa. He sacrificed his father, mother, four sons and ultimately his own life, to protect Sikhs from forced conversion to Islam. He completed the Granth and bestowed upon it the title of everlasting Guru.

Son of Guru Teg Bahadur and Mata Gujri ji.

Married to Jito ji (Ajit Kaur), Sundri, and Sahib Kaur.

Father to sons, Ajit Singh, Jujhar Singh, Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh.

Birthplace: Patna (Bihar, India) December 22, 1666 (January 5, Nanakshahi)

Became Guru: Anandpur, November 11, 1675 (November 24 Nanakshahi)

Creation of Khalsa: April 14,1699

Place of Death: Nanderh, October 7, 1708 (October 21, Nanakshahi)

Age: 42